Type-writing machine.



A. G. F. KUROWSKI.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22. Hill.

PatPmed Dec. 31, 1918.

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A.'G..F. KUROWSKI.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 22. 1817.

1,289,820. Patented Dec; 31, 1918.

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A. G. F. KUROWSKI.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22. I817.

Patentd Dec. 31, 1918.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3- j A. G. F. KUROWSKI.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY/22.1817.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES PATENT @FFICE.

ALFRED G. r. KUROWSKI, or BROOKLYN, new Yam, ASSIGNOR r0 UNDERWOOD TYPEWRI'IER COMPANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y., A oonroaarron OF'DELAWAR'E.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

Application filed May 22, 1917. Serial No. 170,132.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED G. F. KU- RowsKI, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, but having taken out his first but not his final United States naturalization papers, residing in Brooklyn borough, in the county of Kings, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Vriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in typewriting machines, and more especially to the mechanism for positioning the carriage, either for successive denominational selections or for selective major column selections.

In the present embodiment of the invention, two sets of plungers are used to c20- operate with a single set of stops, carried by the carriage, to determine the position of the carriage. A single set of interponents, in the form of plungers, are shiftable selectively so as to cooperate with either the decimal-tabulating set of plungers or the column-selecting set of plungers. The interponents are operated by a single set of tabulating keys, which have reversible caps, with two designations thereon, indicating either column-selecting or decimal-tabulating selecting.

Provision is made for reversing the caps automatically, to show different designations, from the mechanism which shifts the interponents, so that with a change in the character of control of the movement of the carriage, a change in the indications on the tabulating keys will be made to correspond.

In order to reverse the caps on the tabulating keys, each of the caps is provided with a pinion arranged to be driven by a common rack which is norm-ally out of engagement therewith. To bring the rack into engagement with the series of pinions, there is provided a shifting mechanism, which is two-way acting. that is to say, this shifting mechanism will be operated .to bring the rackinto driving relation with the pinions when the interponents are shifted both in a direction to cooperate with the decimal-tabulating plungers and in a direction to cooperate with the major columnselecting plungers. This shifting mechanism is operated previous to an operation of a driving mechanism for the rack, so that the latter will come into play after the engagement of the rack with the pinions.

Other objects and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a vertical section, taken from front to rear, with parts omitted to simplify the showing.

Fig. 2 is a detail, plan view of the connection of the tabulating keys to the plungers, and shows the shifting and driving mechanisms for the rack in a position corresponding to the engagement of the interponents with the major column-selecting plungers.

Fig. 3 is a skeleton, perspective view of the connections for making the change between decimal-tabulating and major columnselecting, the parts being shown in a position for major column-selecting.

Fig. 4 is a detail, perspective view of the driving rack and intermediate shifting means for the same.

Fig. 5 is a detail, perspective view of the mechanism, whereby one of the plungers which is operated directly from its tabulating key, is also operated from all of the column-selecting plungers. This view also shows the means for locking certain of the plungers, when not in use, out of operation.

Fig. 6 is a detail view, partly in section, showing the driving rack bar in mesh with the pinion on one of the tabulating-key caps.

Fig. 7 is a detail, top plan view, showing the driving rack as having been moved into engagement with the pinions, and in the act of starting on its driving movement to reverse the key caps from indicating that the mechanism is set for major column-selecting.

Fig.8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 after the driving movement of the rack has been completed, so that the key caps are in their reversed position, but before the driving rack has been moved out of engagement with the pinions.

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Figs. 7 and 8, a little further along in the operation, showing the driving rack as having been moved ,inal-tabulating plungers 21.

carried-by the carriage 7.-

sition' corresponding to the conditions as shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a contracted view, looking from the front toward the rear, showing one of the carriage-stops in the act of operating one of the floating levers to bring the carriage to rest at the selected major column.

Fig. 12 is a section through the eccentric for shifting the interponents between positions cooperating respectively with the decimal-tabulating plungers and the major column-selecting plungers.

Numeral keys 1 and alphabet keys 2 depress key-levers 3 to rock bell-cranks 4, so as to swing type-bars 5 up rearwardly against the front side of a platen 6 mounted to rotate on a carriage 7. The carriage 7 may have a step-by-step movement under the control of the usual Underwood escapement mechanism, indicated in general at 8. This escapement mechanism includes a rack bar 9, swingingly mounted on the carriage 7 by means of arms 10, so as to be moved into and out of mesh with-a pinion 11. The pinion 11 is connected by a pawland-ratchet mechanism, not shown, to an escapement .wheel 12. The escapement wheel 12 is controlled so that it rotates step by step by means of-a loose dog 13 and a fixed dog 14 carried by a rocker 15. The rocker15 is oscillated back and forth against the tension of a-spring (not shown), by means of a universal frame 16, lying in the path of heels 17 mounted on each of the type-bars 5.

In this way, when any of the character keys are'operated, the heels 17 force the universal frame 16 rearwardly to interchange the connections of the loose and fixed dogs 13 and let with the escapement wheel 12. When the key returns-to its normal position, the universal frame returns forwardly, bringing the loose dog once more under the control of the-escapement wheel 12, but a tooth in advance, so that the latter will have a step movement, thus permitting a step-advancemovement of the carriage 7. V

In addition to having a step-by-step movement, the carriage 7 may have major or jump movements. For this purpose, there are provided a set of tabulating keys 18, whose key-levers are arranged to rock about an intermediate pivot. The operation of the tabulating keys 18 raises a single set of interponents 19 individually, according to the particular tabulating key actuated. These interponents 19 are in the form of plungers, and are for the purpose of oper ating selectively either a set of major column-selecting plungers 20 or a set of deci- The purpose of this operation is to cause the projection of one of the decimal-tabulating plungers 21 into the path of one of a series of stops 22 The stops 22 are adjustably mounted at letter-space intervals along a double rack bar 23, so that they may determine the stop ping of the carriage at any particular letter-space, and, inasmuch as they are spaced apart from each other several letter-spaces, they may also determine the jumping of the carriage from one group of letter-spaces or major column to another.

For the tabulating key farthestto the left. indicated especially by the reference numeral 24, there is no shiftable interponent 19, it directly operating a plunger 25, Fig. 5, used for both column-selecting and decimal-tabulating. This special plunger 25, .which is moved to a projecting position directly by its key 24, serves, as will be eX- plained hereafter, not only as a decimal tabulating-determining element, but also as a major column-determining element, inasmuch as it is indirectly brought in 'play by all of the major columnselecting plungers 20.

The upper ends of each of the interponents 19, with the exception of the special plunger 25, are each providedwith a notch 26 to cooperate with a lug 27 on'the associated one of the set of column-selecting plungers 20, and also with a notch 28 to cooperate with a lug 29 on the associated one of the set of decimal-tabulating plungers 21. To shift from cooperating with one set of plungers to co6perating with the other set of plungers, the interponents l9 embrace an eccentric 30. That is to say, the eccentric 30 passes through a series of slots 31 in the interponents 19 and is eccentrically pivoted by means of a stud shaft 32, (Fig. 12) and the reduced end of a screw 32 so that when its shaft is rotated, it wvill swing-the interponents 19 from engagement with one set of plungers to engagement with the other set of plungers. The shaft 32 projects to a po sition where it is provided with a handcrank 33, by means of which it may be manipulatedr It-will be noted, by reference to Fig. 5, that the eccentric 30 passes through an enlarged opening 3& in the unitary plunger 25, so as not to rock this plunger back and forth. The eccentric 30 Fig. 12, is provided with slots 36, in which the interponents 19 extend, so as to guide their vertical movement.

A locking bail 37 is mounted to swing with the rotation of the eccentric 30, so as to engage alternately with a series of shoulders 38, provided on the column-selecting plungers 20, and with a series of notches 39, pro

vided in the decimal-tabulating plungers 21. This prevents simultaneous operation of both sets of plungers. Provision is made, as will be seen by reference to Fig.5, for allowing the movement of the special combined plunger 25 in either case. This is done by cutting a notch 40 in the locking bail 37 to allow for the free movement of the special plunger 25.

VVhen-the interponents 19 are interlocked with the decimal-tabulating plungers 21, by means of the notch 28 and lug 29, then the decimal-tabulating plungers 21, which may be regarded as counter-stops, are projected individually, according to the tabulating keys operated, into the path of the carriage stop 22. This enables the jumping of the carriage successively to a series of predetermined zones or major columns, determined by the positions of a series of the stops 22. The particular decimal column at which the carriage is stopped is determined by the particular tabulating key 18 operated. That is to say, each of these tabulating keys bears a designation (Figs. 3 and 9), which, for the series, is as follows:

These designations correspond, respectively, to the decimal point, the units place, tens place, hundreds place, units of thousands, tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, units of millions, tens of millions, hundreds of millions. In this way, the operative can strike a particular key, bring its associated plunger to a projected position, and catch the carriage by the stop 22, so as to position the carriage in the neXt succeeding zone or major column and in the decimal or digit column, corresponding to the particular key operated.

If, however, it should be desired to jump selectively, instead of successively, to any one of a series of zones or major columns, determined by the position of the stops 22, then the interponents 19 are brought into cooperative relation vcith themajor columnselecting plungers or interponents 20. When so connected, the operation of the tabulating key 18 will cause an indirect obstruction of the movement of the carriage 7 through the operation of its plunger 20. The tabulating keys 18, in addition to the designations for decimal tabulating, above mentioned, have a second series of indications, reversely placed on the caps 41, as follows: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. These designations correspond to ten possible zones or columns, to which the operative is able to jump selectively from any preceding position of the carriage.

When a tabulating key is depressed under these conditions, it raises the interponent 19 to raise the associated plunger 20. As stated before, in the case of the tabulating key 24, bearing the designations 1 and decimal point, there is a special plunger 25, which may be regarded as an integral interponent 19 and plunger 21. Thus, if this key 24 is operated, it will merely project the plunger 25 in the path of the first stop 22, and thus stop the carriage in the first zone.

The other tabulating keys 18 operate the disconnectible column-selecting plungers 20. Each of these plungers 20 operates a selector 42, so as to raise the same and bring a cam 43 thereon into the path of a certain one of the stops 22. To effect this, each of the plungers 20 is provided with a horizontal extension or arm 44 engaging into a socket 45, provided in the associated selector 42. The selectors 42 are arranged one after the other, from front to rear, and the arms 44, with their plungers 20, nest one in the other to engage the proper selectors.

The reason for arranging the selectors 42 in different planes, from front to rear, is so that they will selectively cotiperate with the stops 22 which have diflerent ranges or reaches. In other words, each stop 22 is bifurcated to straddle the rack 28, and its lower leg is of a predetermined length so as to just cooperate with the corresponding selector 42. The reach or range of the lower leg of the stops 22 starts at a minimum, at the left of the carriage, and increases suc cessively in a graded manner to a maximum for the stop at farthest right of the carriage. These stops may be numbered from 1 to 10, corresponding to the extent of their reach, and also corresponding to the particularlmajor column or zone which they contro It will thus be seen that when a particular tabulating key 18 is operated, with the exception of the tabulating key 24, under the conditions mentioned, the corresponding selector 42 will be brought up into the path of travel of the stops 22, but will not be engaged by any of the stops until its own particular stop, with the right range or reach, comes along. Then this stop will push the selector 42 in the direction of travel of the carriage. The selector 42 then acts as a thrust-link, to swing to the left the rock frame 46 on which the selectors are all floatingly mounted. The rock frame 46 is swung to the left (Fig. 11), so as to rock a shaft 47 (Fig. 5), on which it is secured. The shaft 47 has an arm 48 engaging in a slot 49 provided in the combined plunger and interponent 25, so as to raise the latter to an obstructing position.

In this way, the carriage 7, through the stop 22,corresponding to the tabulating key actuated, projects the plunger 25 into the path of this particular stop, and thus brings the carriage to a halt. This will not occur until such of the stops 22 have passed by the raised selector 42 as have not sufiicient range to reach the same. When pressure on the tabulating key in action is removed, the associated parts are returned by a spring 50,

and the floating frame 46 is assisted during its return by a spring 51.

The carriage 7 is released from the escapeinent mechanism 8 for permitting the jump movements in the usual manner. That is to say, each of the interponents 19, as well as the plunger 25, is provided with a shoulder 52. The shoulders 52 rock a lever 53, which is universal to all the shoulders, and the lever 53, in turn, draws down on a link 54, so as to rock a lever 55. The lever 55 is pivoted intermediate its ends, and carries at its front end a roller 55 which underlies the rack 9 and swings the same out of mesh with the pinion 11. A spring barrel 56 draws the carriage 7 along until it is stopped by the cotiperating plunger and stop 22.

As stated above, the key-caps 11 are each provided with two designations, reversely placed, so that only one designation reads upright on a particular key-cap at a time. Provision is made for reversing the keycaps when changing from one style of jump movement-control of the carriage to the other style, so that the designations on the keys in a position to be read will correspond to the particular type of tabulating controlling the carriage. For this purpose, the caps 41 are rotatably mounted on the stems 57 of the keys 18. Each of these caps 41 is provided with a lug or tooth 58 to engage between two adjacent teeth of a Pinion 59, also rotatably mounted on the associated key stem 57. There is one of these pinions 59 for each key-cap, and they are located so as to be driven by a rack 60, when the latter is brought into mesh therewith. Normally, this rack is out of mesh with the pinions so as not to interfere with the operation of the tabulating key 18.

For adjustment of the rack 60, in and out of mesh with the pinions 59, it is mounted on a rock frame 61. The rock frame 61 consists of an angle bar 62 secured to a rock shaft 63. The rack 60 has a series of pin-and-slot connections 64 (Fig. 4:) with the rock frame 61 so as to permit the rack to move longitudinally of the rock frame, and thus drive the pinions 59. The rock frame 61 is swung against the tension of a spring 65 (Fig. 3) 'by means of a link 66, which is operated by a bell-crank 67. One arm on the bell-crank 67 has a pair of cam surfaces 68 and 69, spaced apart from each other by a dwell portion 70. A pin 71 on a lever 72 engages these cam surfaces 68, 69, according to the direction of movement of the lever 72, and swings the rock frame 61, and thus the rack 60, toward the pinions 59 against the tension of the spring 65.

The lever 72 is operated by a link 7 3, which, in turn, is operated by a bell crank 74:, connected by a link 75 t the handcrank 33. That is to say, the hand-crank 33, when it rotates the eccentric 30, to shift the interponents 19, also brings the rack 60 into mesh with the pinions 59, and then drives the rack to rotate the pinion.

For driving the rack, a bell-crank 76 has one of its arms connected to the rack bar 60 by a pin-and-slot connection 77. The other arm 78 of this bell-crank has a Z- shaped slot 79, in which the pin 71 travels. The slot 79 has a dwell portion 80, corresponding somewhat to the initial arcuate movement of the pin 71, then an active por tion 81, followed by a second dwell portion 82. The bell-crank 76 is operated against the tension of a spring 83 when the pin 71 ls-traveling through the active portion of the slot 79.

The operation of this shifting and drivmg mechanism depends on the operation of the hand-crank 33 and the direction of operation. That is to say, if the interponents 19 are connected to the major column-selectmgplungers 20 and the key-caps are in a position showing the numbers of the zones or major columns, then the hand-crank 33 must be swung in a counter-clockwise direction to concomitantly shift the interponents 19 into mesh with the plungers 21 and rotate the key-caps 41 to reverse them so that the decimal-tabulating indications will be uppermost.

The initial portion of the movement of the crank 33, under these conditions, will rock the lever 72 to the right, carrying the pin 71 against the cam 68. During this movement, the pin moves idly, as far as the bell-crank 76 is concerned, in the dwell p01- tlon 80 of the slot 79. It, however, rocks the bell-crank 67, so as to thrust on the link 66, which is connected to the rock shaft 63, and thus bring the rack bar 60 into mesh with the pinions 59. During the intermedlate portion of the movement of the handcrank 33, the pin 71 rides idly on the dwell portion 70, as far as the bell-crank 67 is concerned, but moves actively into the middle section 81 of the slot 7 9. This will rock the bell-crank 76 in a clockwise direction, drivmg the rack bar 60 from the Fig. 7'p0siti0n to the Fig. 8 osition. FOr the final portion of the movement of the hand-crank 33, the pin 71 moves idly in the dwell portion 82 of the slot 79 in the bell-crank 76, so that the latter remains stationary. At the same time, it moves away from the bell-crank '67, as is permitted by the slope of the cam 69, so that the bell-crank 67 is permitted to rotate in a counterclockwise directionunder the tension of the spring 65, enabling the latter to' withdraw the rack 60 out of mesh with the pinions 59. The operation then is, first to bring the rack in mesh with the pinions, drive the rack to rotate the pinions, thus reversing the designations on the key-caps, and then move the rack out of mesh with the pinions. After this has been done, the

mechanism will be in a condition to control decimal-tabulating, and the tabulating keys will have the decimal-tabulating designations uppermost, with the zone or major column designations upside down.

For changing from decimal-tabulating back to column or zone-selecting, the handcrank 33 is swung in a clockwise direction from the Fig. 10 position to shift the interponents 19 out of mesh with the plungers 21, and into mesh with the interponents 20, as in Fig. 3. In this case, the pin 71, for the initial part of the movement, acts on the cam 69 to rock the bell-crank 67 (Fig. 9), and thus bring the rack 60 into mesh with the pinions 59. During this initial portion of the movement, the pin 71 moves idly in the dwell portion 82 of the' slot 79, so that the bell-crank 76 is not operated. During the second portion of the movement, however, after the rack 60 has been brought into mesh with the pinions 59, the bell-crank '76 is rocked to drive the rack bar 60, and tl us rotate the pinions 59 to reverse the keycaps. In other words, the pin 71 moves in the active portion 81 of the slot 79 from the Fig. 8 to the Fig. 7 position and rocks the bell-crank 76, but at the same time'it rides on the idle dwell surface of the bellcrank 67 so that this bell-crank is held stationary with the rack in mesh with the pinions. During the final part of the movement of the hand-crank 33, the pin 71 moves idly, with respect to the bell-crank 76, in the dwell portion 80 of the slot 79. At the same time it moves away from the dwell portion 70 on the bell-crank 67, which is permitted by the dip formed to the left of the cam 68. This permits the spring 65 to withdraw the rack 60 from engagement with the pinions 59. At the end of this operation, the mechanism will be in a condition to effect zone or major column-selecting, at will, and the tabulating key-caps will have the column-selecting designations 1, 2, 3, etc, reading upright.

The frame 61 is provided with a series of notches 84, which engage the key-stems 57 to prevent lost-motion when the rack 60 is driving the pinions 59. This rack 60 is in the form of an angle bar, and, in addition to the pin-and-slot connections 64, is formed with a tubular portion concentric with the rock shaft 63 of the rock frame 61. This permits a guidedsliding movement of the rack 60 relative to the rack frame 61.

The lever of the tabulating key 24 is provided with a separate spring 87 to yieldingly maintain it in normal position. The reason for this is that the plunger 25 is lifted by the plungers 20, indirectly with the aid of the carriage stop 22. Thus, the key 24 remains passive and unaffected, unless it is doing the tabulating.

When the plunger 25 is projected by its key 24, the frame 46 is retained in its normal position by the spring 51 and remains uneffective due to the elongated slot 49 in the plunger 25 into which the arm 48 of said frame projects.

From the foregoing description, it will be understood that the machine can be used for either straight-column selecting or for decimal tabulating. It should also be under stood that the machine can also be used for combined column selecting and decimal tabulating.

To illustrate the latter use, let it be as sumed that it is desired to do decimal tabulating in the fifth column; the mechanism is first set for column selecting, the operative then proceeds to select the proper column but instead of depressing the fifth column key, the fourth column key is depressed, thus releasing the carriage to bring the fifth column stop within range of the decimal tabulator plungers 21. After the proper column has been'selected, the mechanism is shifted for decimal tabulating, after which the operative proceeds to locate the carriage in the proper denominational posi tion in the selected column.

The stops 22 are locked against accidental displacement on the double rack bar 23, by means of a locking bar 90 extending lengthwise of the rack bar 23 and universal to all possible positions of the stops 22. This bar is semi-circular in cross section, Fig. 1, and may be rotated by means of a hand-crank 91, which has a pin 92 projecting there from and engaging the underside of the double rack bar 23. The bar-90 is rotated to a position in which the hand-crank will be arrested at right angles to its Fig. 1 position, by the pin 92 again engaging with the underside of the rack bar 23, at which time the flat-surface 93 of the locking bar 90 is in a horizontal position, and the semicircular portion of the locking bar disengaged from the semi-circular cut-outs 94 of the stops 22, when the stop may be removed for the purpose of adjustment. Since the locking rod 90 can only be turned when the stops 22 are pushed fully home, the fact that the stops are locked by that rod insures that no stop will miss its selector 42 through failure to be inserted sufliciently in the rack bar. To assist in adjusting the stops 22 to the proper position on a stop bar 23, a scale 95 may be provided.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. The combination with a single set of 'tabulating keys, of selectable mechanisms for tabulating decimally or zonally, said tabulating keys having reversible caps with two sets, of designations, one for' decimaltabulating and the other for zone-selecting, and a common means for reversing said caps in unison to change from one set of designations to another, and to correspondingly shift said tabulating mechanism to and from zonal or decimal-tabulating.

2. The combination with a traveling carriage, of a mechanism for controlling the "readin 3. The combination with a traveling can riage, of a jump-movement mechanism for controlling the travel of said carriage in a plurality of ways, a single set of tabulating keys for operating said mechanism, said tabulating keys having reversible caps with two sets of designations arranged to read alternately right side up, a pinion connected to each cap, and a rack universal to said pinions for reversing said caps.

4. The combination with a traveling carriage, of a jump-movement mechanism for controlling the travel of said carriage in a plurality of ways, a single set of tabulating keys for operating said mechanism, said tabulating keys having reversible caps with two sets of designations arranged to read alternately right side up, a pinion connected to each cap, a rack universal to said pinions for reversing said caps, said rack being normally disconnected from said pinions, and connections for simultaneously engaging said rack With said pinions, driving said rack to rotate said caps and disengaging said racks from said pinions when the reversal has been completed.

5. The combination with a carriage, of a jump-movement mechanism for' controlling the travel of said carriage in a Iplurality of ways, a single set of tabulating reys for operating said mechanism, said tabulating keys having rotatable caps with a plurality of designations arranged to be individually read upright, normally interrupted driving connections for rotating said caps to change the designations reading upright, and automatic means for completing said driving connections, starting them intomotion and interrupting said connections when the change in position of said caps is. completed.

6. The combination with a carriage, of a jump-movement mechanism for controlling the traveling movements of said carriage in a plurality of ways, tabnlating keys operating said mechanism and having rotatable caps with a plurality of designations, one for each Way said mechanism operates, said designations being arranged to read one set at a tiine upright, driving connections for rotating said caps to change the set of designations reading upright, and a two-way shifting mechanism acting when operated in one direction to complete, said connections and maintain them complete during the pe riod of rotation of saidcaps and interrupt said connections at the termination of the rotation of said caps, and for a movement a in the opposite direction complete said connections, maintain them complete and inter-- rupt them in the same manner.

7. The combination with a carriage,of a jump-movement mechanism for controlling the traveling'movements of said carriage in a plurality of ways, tabulating keys operating said mechanism and having rotatable caps with a plurality of designations, one for each way said mechanism operates, said designations being arranged to read one set at a time upright, driving connections for rotating said caps to change the set of designations reading upright, a two-way shift ing mechanism acting when operated in one direction to complete said connections and maintain them complete during the period of rotation of said caps and interrupt said connections at the termination ofthe rotation of said caps, and for a movement in the opposite direction complete said connections, maintain them complete and interrupt them in the same manner, and a bell crank operated during the maintenance of said connections acting to drive said connections in one direction or the other, according to the direction in which said two-way shifting mechanism is operated.

8. The combination with a series of keys having reversible caps with tWo sets of designations, one set being arranged to read upright at a time, of a pinion for each of said caps, a rack normally out of mesh with said pinions, means for driving said rack :said rack into and out of mesh with said pinions, said bell crank having a pair of oppositely-acting cam surfaces separated-by a dwell surface, and a lever having a pin engaging said cam surfaces on its initial movements in either d rection, so as to have a two-way acting connection perform the same functions for both movements of operation. 4

10. The combination with a series of keys having reversible caps, of two-sets of designations, only one setto be readable upright at a time, a pinion for each of said caps, a rack universal to said pinions, a two-way acting bell crank connected to shift said rack into and out of mesh with said pinions, said bell crank having two cam surfaces separated by a dwell surface, a second bell crank connected to drive said rack and having a slot therein with a cam portion intermediate the dwell portions, and a pin eX- tending into said slot and engaging in said surfaces and portions, so as to operate said second-mentioned, bell crank intermediate the movements of said two-way acting bell crank.

11. The combination with a traveling carriage, of a jump-movement mechanism for said carriage including two sets of plungers, one set for controlling decimaltabulating and the other set for controlling column-selecting, and a set of interponents selectively shiftable into cooperation with either of said sets of plungers, a single set of tabulating keys for operating said interponents to operate either of said sets of plungers, said tabulating keys having reversible caps with two sets of designations, only one set to read upright at a time, according to which of said sets of plungers is to be operated, driving means for reversing said caps, shifting means for changing said interponents from cooperating with one set of phmgers to cooperating with the other set of plungers. and means for enabling the operation of said driving means controlled from said interponent-shifting means.

12. The combination withxa set of tabulating keys having reversible caps, of a series of pinions, one for each cap, a rack for driving said pinions, a rock-frame for moving said rack into and out of mesh, s'aid rack having a sliding connection with said rock-frame, said rock-frame having a series of notches to engage said keys when said rack is in mesh with said pinions, so as to prevent lost motion, and means for alternately shifting said rock-frame and driving said rack.

13. The combination with a plurality of keys having reversible key caps with a plurality of different designations thereon, only one of which is to read upright at a time, of driving means universal to all of said key caps for rotating them simultaneously to efiect a change in the designation reading upright.

1a. The combination with a plurality of keys having reversible key caps with a plurality of designations on said caps, only one of which is to read upright at a time, of a pinion for each of said key caps, and a rack meshing with all of said pinions to rotate them simultaneously and thus efi'ect a change in the designation reading upright.

15. The combination with a plurality of keys having reversible key caps with a php rality of designations thereon, only one of which is to read upright at a time, of a pinion for each of said key caps, and a rack for driving said pinions simultaneously, normally free therefrom, adapted to be moved to engage, drive and disengage said pinions.

16. The combination with a traveling carriage, of a plurality of sets of plungers for controlling movements of said carriage, only one of said sets of plungers being in operation at a time, and locking means universal to all of the plungers of a set, shiftable to prevent the operation of said plungers.

17. The combination with a traveling carriage, of two sets of plunger-s for controlling the travel of said carriage, asingle set of interponents shiftable from a position cooperating with one set of plungers to a position cooperating with the other set of plungers, and locking means for the plungers by sets, reversibly shift-able, so as to lock the set of plungers with which the interponents are not in engagement.

18. The combination with a traveling carriage, of two sets of plungers controlling the movements of said carriage, one of the plungers in one set being controlled from the plungers in the other set, interponents for controlling either set of plungers alternatively, and locking means for locking the plungers bysets, having a clearance to avoid locking the plunger in one set operated by the plungers in the other set.

19. The combination with a traveling carriage, of a plurality of sets of plungers for controlling the movements of said carriage, a single set of interponents having alternative interlocking engagement with either set of plungers for an operation thereof, and a bail shifted with the shifting of said interponents for locking the plungers of the set opposite to the one with which the interponents are interlocked.

20. The combination with a traveling carriage, of a plurality of sets of plungers for controlling the traveling movements of said carriage, a set of interponents for operating any set of nlungers,.and an eccentric universal to said interponents for disengaging them from one set of plungers and engaging them with another set of plungers.

21. The combination with a traveling carriage, of a plurality of sets of plungers for controlling the traveling movements of said carriage, a set of interponents for operating any set of plungers, an eccentric universal to said interponents for disengaging them from one set of plungers and engaging them with another set of plungers, and a locking bail mounted to rotate when said eccentric rotates. so as to lock the inoperable plungers.

22. The combination with a traveling carriage, of two sets of plungers for controlling the movements of said carriage, one of said plungers being common to both sets, a single set of interponents for operating one of said sets of plungers at a time, and shifting means for bringing about a cooperation between one set of said plungers and said set of interponents at a time, clearance being provided between said plunger common to both sets and said shifting means, so as to enable it to remain in the same position with an interchange in cooperation between one set of plungers and said interponents and the other set of plungers.

23. The combination with a plurality of keys having reversible key-caps with two sets of designations, one set to read upright at a time, of reciprocatory driving means for reversing said key-caps and the reading of their designations, normally disconnected from the key-caps, shifting means for bringing about a driving connection of the driving means with the key-caps before driving, and a disconnection after the driving has been completed, acting means forvsaid driving means, and operating means common to said shifting means and said acting means interlocking therewith and then with each other, so as to time their effective actions to take place in alternation, said shlfting means and sald driving means and sald so aeratin means havin their 006 eratin (D t1 2:

parts so related for each of the opposite strokes of said operating means that said shifting means effects an engagement and disengagement of said driving means and a single driving stroke of said driving means.

24k. The combination with a traveling carriage and a single set of se-ttable columnstops thereon, of a single set of tabulating keys, a single set of counter-stops, means whereby said keys may be connected to cause said counter-stops to arrest the carriage at a plurality of points by a column-stop, interponents operable by said keys, andmeans whereby a. key may make an interponent effective to cause a counter-stop to be effective to arrest the carriage elsewhere by the column-stop.

25. The combination with a traveling carriage, of stops carried by said carriage, two sets of plungers to cooperate with said stops to determine jump movements of said carriage in different ways, a single set of tabulating keys for operating said plungers, and means for alternating the cooperative relation of said tabulating keys with said two sets of plungers.

26. The combination with a traveling carriage, of 'duplex selecting obstructing mechanism for said carriage, including stops carried by said carriage and plungers cooperating with said stops, a single set of tabulating keys, and interponent mechanism for determining what part of the duplex obstructing mechanism shall be in action at any particular time to determine different types of jump movements of said carriage.

27. The combination with a traveling carriage, vof stops carried by said carriage, two sets of plungers cooperating with said stops to determine different types of jump movements of said carriage, a single set of tabulating keys and key-levers for operating said plungers, and a set of floating interponents shiftable from a position acting as an inter mediary between one setof said plungers and said key-levers to a position acting as an intermediary between the other set of said plungers and key-levers.

28. The combination with a traveling carriage, having a capacity of several major columns or zones, of a series of tabulating keys, one for each major column or zone of said carriage, a set of stops carried by said carriage, a set of plungers operated by said keys to effect, through the intermediary of said stops, selections of the zonal positions of said carriage, only one of said plungers cotiperating by an obstructing action with said stops, said plunger being associated with one of said tabulating keys, and operated thereby, and selecting mechanism controlled by the others of said plungers to project said obstructing plunger to an interfering position with respect to said stops at proper instantscorresponding to the actuation of the associated tabulating keys.

29. The combination with a traveling car riage, having a capacity of several major columns or zones, of a set of stops carried by said carriage, one for each major column or zone, a set of tabulating keys, one for each major column or zone, within the capacity of said carriage, a series of plungers actuated by said tabulating keys and cooperating to determine through the intermediary of said stops the several zonal positions of said carriage, only one of said plungers acting to obstruct the movement of said carriage by engagement with said stops, said obstructing plunger being operated individually by its tabulating key, and a series of selectors positioned for operation by the rest of said plungers, and operated selectively by said stops, according to the particular plunger actuated, and connected to shift said obstructing plunger to an interfering position with the stop which indirectly brought it into play.

30. The combination with a traveling carriage, of stops carried by said carriage, plun gers cooperating with said stops to determine the zonal positions of said carriage, tabulating keys for operating said plungers, springs operating on said plungers to normally hold said tabulating keys in raised positions, certain of said plungers actuating another of said plungers when operated by their own tabulating keys, and a special spring for the tabulating key associated with the plunger dominated by other plungers, so as to maintain this tabulating key in its raised position when its plunger is operated by the operation of another tabulating key.

31. The combination with a traveling carriage and a single set of settable diverselyformed column-stops thereon, of a single set of tabulating keys, a single set of counterstops, means whereby said keys may be connected to cause said counter-stops to arrest the carriage by a column-stop at a plurality of points, interponents operable by said keys, and means whereby a key may make its interponent eifective to cooperate with a vselected form of column-stop to cause a counter-stop to be effective to arrest the carriage elsewhere.

82. The combination with a traveling car riage and a single set of settable columnstops thereon, of a single set of tabulating keys, a single set of counter-stops, means whereby said keys may be connected to cause said counter-stops to arrest the carriage by a column-stop at a plurality of points, interponents operable by said keys, means whereby a key may make an interponent eflective to cause a counter-stop to be effective to arrest the carriage elsewhere by the column- Gopies of this patent may be obtained for stop, a finger-piece for determining whether the counter-stop shall be efl'ectiye directly or not, and means operated by said finger piece for locking either the inoperable counter-stops or the interponents against accidental displacement.

33. The combination with a traveling carriage and a single set of settable diverselyformed column-stops thereon, of a single set of tabulating keys, a single set of counterstops, means whereby said keys may be connected to cause said counter-stops to arrest the carriage by a column-stop at a plurality of points, interponents operable by said keys, means whereby a key may make its interponent effective to cooperate with aselected column-stop to cause a counter-stop to be effective to arrest the carriage elsewhere, a finger-piece for determining whether the counter-stop shall be effective directly or not, and means operated by said finger-piece for locking either the inoperable counterstops or the interponents against accidental displacement.

ALFRED G. F. KUROWSKI.

Witnesses:

EDITH B. LIBBEY, ARTHUR A. JOHNSON.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0. 

